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The National Order of Merit ((フランス語:Ordre national du Mérite)) is an Order of State with membership (about 187,000 members) awarded by the President of the French Republic. It was founded on 3 December 1963 by President Charles de Gaulle. The reason for the Order’s establishment was twofold: to replace the large number of ministerial orders previously awarded by the ministries; and to create an award that can be awarded at a lower level than the ''Légion d'honneur'' (Legion of Honour), which is generally reserved for French citizens. ==Statute of the Order== French citizens as well as foreign nationals, men and women, can be received into the Order, for distinguished civil or military achievements, though of a lesser level than that required for the award of the ''Légion d'honneur''. The President of the French Republic is the Grand Master of the Order and appoints all other members of the Order, by convention, on the advice of the Government. The Order has a common Chancellor and Chancery with the ''Légion d'honneur''. Every Prime Minister of France is made a grand cross of the order after 24 months of service.〔 Award criteria The Order has five classes, the same as the ''Légion d’honneur'':〔 * ''Chevalier'' (Knight): to be of a minimum age of 35, have a minimum of 10 years of public service (although, in practice, 15 years is the minimum commonly needed to be conferred the rank of ''Chevalier''), and "distinguished merits" (for active duty commissioned officers, this is achieved after fifteen years of meritorious service). * ''Officier'' (Officer): minimum of 5 years in the rank of ''Chevalier'' (for active duty commissioned officers, this is achieved after seven years in the rank of Chevalier). * ''Commandeur'' (Commander): minimum of 5 years in the rank of ''Officier'' (for active duty commissioned officers, this is achieved after five years the rank of ''Officier''). * ''Grand Officier'' (Grand Officer): minimum 3 years in the rank of ''Commandeur''. * ''Grand-Croix'' (Grand Cross): minimum 3 years in the rank of ''Grand Officier''. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「National Order of Merit (France)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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